Psoriasis in children. Symptoms and treatment

Psoriasis in children diagnosed at any age. It is a chronic disease it can also affect infants and newborns, in recent years, frequent cases of pediatric psoriasis in younger preschoolers. Upon the occurrence of the first symptoms of the disease it is necessary to start comprehensive treatment. The sooner you manage to achieve the status of an open remission, the better for the health of the child.

children's psoriasis

Causes of childhood psoriasis

Children's psoriasis has systemic character. To its development lead to disruption in the functioning of the immune system when the body is not able to resist the destructive action of external factors.

Doctors can assign one cause, calls the emergence of the disease in the child. But there are a number of scientifically-based assumptions:

  1. Hereditary predisposition – if the family were diagnosed cases of psoriasis, the likelihood of its development in a child increases to 30%. When from this disease suffer from both parents, it increases to 80%. But inherit only a predisposition to the disease, and it means that with proper care of the child, there is a chance to avoid it.
  2. Disorders of the nervous system – the negative experiences, stress, sudden changes in life (change of school, birth of a second child) may encourage the emergence of the disease.
  3. Metabolic disorders – deficiency of vitamins, trace elements.
  4. The presence of parasites – helminths to absorb useful substances, secrete large amounts of toxins that have a negative impact on the child's body. Often appear skin reactions, psoriasis.
  5. Infection – in children with psoriasis often appears after the transmission of infectious diseases. It can cause tonsillitis, the flu, the common cold.
  6. Dysfunction of the endocrine system, the hormonal imbalance causes psoriasis.
  7. Diseases of the liver – at failures in the work of this body, and the body can обезвреживать toxins, which can cause the development of psoriasis. The most commonly psoriasis in children first diagnosed in the cold season. Significantly increases the risk of its development and травмирование skin.

Symptoms of psoriasis in children

symptoms

Symptoms of psoriasis in an infant is significantly different from the symptoms of the disease in adults. In children in the initial stage appear red rashes in the folds of the skin (the gluteus maximus area, the armpit), on the head, face, genital organs. She also локализуется in places, in the constant friction of the clothes. Rarely, the rash occurs on the palms and stop. The rash resembles intertrigo, but it is the main symptom of psoriasis – horny balls papules exfoliate, appears flaking. Gradually the soft skin is covered with a layer of чешуек-crusts. Isolated small papules coalesce into clumps. Their size gradually increases, covering large areas of the skin. In most cases, the rash зудит, brings the child a huge discomfort. It расчесывает papules, risk place infection.

Phase of the children's psoriasis and their symptoms

  1. Continues – the formation of shallow scars are red or bright pink color. It зудит, шелушится, increases in size and spreads on the skin. Soon the rash is covered with cracks, it begins to bleed a little. Unlike adults, in children is virtually non-existent phenomenon of stearic spots, at the end of the film. When hard to form advancing stage in a child increases the body temperature, the compacted surface of the epidermis, increased lymph nodes, there is a swelling of the skin, severe redness.
  2. Inpatient – training of new rashes and their growth stops, decreases the intensity of the exfoliation.
  3. Regressive – the rash begins to gradually dissolvere. After his disappearance on the skin appear депигментированные plated round selection.

In full disappearance of the symptoms of the disease comes remission. Its duration is dependent on the characteristics of child care, especially from the diet. Recurrence of the disease in children often becomes a consequence of the transmission of infectious diseases.

Types of pediatric psoriasis

Make different types of psoriasis in children. Are included regardless of the features of the symptomatology and localization of the rash. The basic forms of the disease:

  1. Libero psoriasis. It occurs in children under one year. Rashes локализуются predominantly in the medius zone. Due to the constant contact with feces and urine, in consequence of the grating подгузниками the skin in this area is irritated, and therefore the disease is difficult lends itself to the diagnosis. Parents often take this rash for dermatitis, what prevents to start timely treatment.
  2. Tabula (normal) psoriasis. The most common form of the disease in children. Its characteristic signs – on the surface of the skin, arise spots of red colors. First, they are small, but rather rapidly increasing in diameter, they start to peel. Basis of the papules has a dense texture. From above they are covered get soft layer of чешуек, which are easily separated. Локализуются Tabula papules on various parts of the body, but most often arises in the area of bending your elbows as well as knees, in the scalp.
  3. Каплевидный psoriasis. The body is covered with a large amount of rash, which in the form of a look, such as straw, have a small size and выпуклую form. Papules rise above the skin surface and cortices. Cover head, arms and legs, and torso. The rash can disappear yourself or turn into a tabula psoriasis. At the age of 4-5 years, this form of the disease causes streptococcal infection.
  4. Generativus pustular psoriasis. Develops suddenly and very quickly. Within a short time a large area of skin is inflamed, shall be borne by ulcera. The affected zone of the epidermis hurts. This form of psoriasis is dangerous by causing serious complications. This can lead to diseases of internal organs, especially the kidneys, the heart.
  5. pustular psoriasis.Affects children older than 7 years. For infants and toddlers and preschoolers rarely occurs. It is a severe form of the disease in which the swelling appears skin, but its surface is covered with bubbles, filled неинфекционным exudo. It is often accompanied by inflammation of the lymph nodes.
  6. Erythrodermic psoriasis. A very dangerous form, provocaverunt praesent thermoregulation of the body. It manifests itself in generativus inflammation of the skin, intense шелушении. It is accompanied by strong itching, painful feelings. Large areas of the skin begins to exfoliate. Can be fatal, especially if it is a small child.
  7. Psoriasis flexion surfaces. Appears on stretching the body, most often in the area of the inner surface of the thighs, the groin, the genitals. The body is covered with patches of red color. They are smooth and are not cortices, but little bulging.
  8. Arthropathic psoriasis. Affects the joints. Signs of this form of the disease – muscle stiffness, they cease to be movable, the joints and the toes become swollen and swollen. Knees, fingers, ankles and wrists hurts me, the feeling of total discomfort. It can occur conjunctivitis. According to the type of current psoriasis is divided into types: winter or summer – regardless of the period when it is the recurrence, in most children, winter form; it first appeared – if the symptoms appear for the first time; constantly recurrent – persistent worsening of the disease; an insecure form.
  9. Psoriasis of the nails. It amazes clavum boards. His symptoms are dependent on the form. They shall be issued the following options:
  • naperstkovidnym – on the surface of the nail forming a shallow deepening, because of what visually become like наперсток;
  • nicomedes – nails peel off from the bed very quickly;
  • onycholysis – the nail gradually peel away from the bed, when the inflammatory processes are missing, around the base of the nail appears marginal yellow-pink color;
  • trachyonychia – nail thickens, coarsens, its surface becomes волнообразной, the edges of the приподнимаются;
  • hemorrhaging subungual – beneath the surface of the nail will appear with streaks and spots of reddish-pink color;
  • paronychia psoriatic – skin around the nail and the finger thickening, is accompanied by intense inflammatory processes.

Diagnosis of pediatric psoriasis

The diagnosis of psoriasis is performed by a physician-dermatologist. This is done by examination of the child, clarifies the appearance of the rash, how the disease manifests itself, whether it is in the family of people who suffer from this disease. The diagnosis of children, especially in the age up to 1 year, exceptionally for визуальному inspection difficult, because they often lack the classic symptoms of the disease: stearic stain, a terminal film, and "the bloody dew". Exactly in the presence of psoriasis you analysis соскоба loans with the surface of the rashes.

Treatment of psoriasis in children

diagnosis

Children, patients with psoriasis, need a comprehensive treatment. Quickly to achieve a state of remission will help to systemic therapy, it is at the same time focus on eliminating the symptoms and strengthening the body in general. Consider the basic methods of treatment.

Herbal products for external use

Effective for the removal of papules, which hit the skin. To this group belongs:

  • salicylic ointment 1-2% - is contraindicated children of breast age;
  • sulphur-tar ointment 2-3%; boric ointment;
  • glucocorticoid ointment 0.5% – "Locacorten", "Flucinar", "Prednisone";
  • phosphodiesterase – papaverine ointment 1%, and theophylline ointment 5% for the treatment of psoriasis, hit pilosus part of the head;
  • steroid creams and ointments – the "Instructio", "Haec solutio" and other ointments from psoriasis;
  • heparin ointment – for long-term plaques.

Medicines for internal use:

  • desensitizing agents – three times a day is indicated, to a solution of calcium глюконата 5% on a teaspoon, for the duration determined by a physician;
  • sedatives – to the children it is possible to tincture of valerian;
  • antihistamines, drugs to relieve itching – 7-10 days to "Тавегил", "Супрастин", when acute conditions are introduced by injection, in the lighter – you can prescribe the pill;
  • sedatives – in rare cases, children are older, you can use the "Tazepam", "Seduksen";
  • vitamins for strengthening the immune system – ascorbic acid, B12, 15, D, a, E, drink three times a day for several months;
  • пирогенные drugs – to enhance the protective functions of the organism, normalize the permeability of blood vessels, prescribe 8-10 injections "Пирогенала", children older than 3 years;
  • glucocorticoids – are appointed in severe cases the course of 2-3 weeks with a gradual decrease in dose.

Proper nutrition

To what is the fastest cure for psoriasis and achieve a state of remission, it is necessary to observe the correct mode power supply:

  • exclude from the diet of bread, baking, sweet, fatty and fried meals, chocolate;
  • limit the intake of цитрусов;
  • drink plenty of fluids;
  • replace the sweet drinks, herbal teas;
  • the basis of the diet – vegetables, herbs, recent juice, lean meat, lean fish.

Prevention

prevention

To minimize the risk of the disease and prolong periods of remission, follow simple rules:

  • during the bath do not use aggressive means and rough washcloths;
  • teach your child to avoid cuts, burns, skin injuries; take care of the baby from falling on the skin to direct sunlight;
  • give preference to clothes made of natural fabrics; attention to the allocation of the child; gently pick up the medication;
  • try to make a child was dominated by a positive emotional state.

Upon the occurrence of the minimum is suspected that the child appeared psoriasis, contact a dermatologist. It is a serious illness, how to treat it can tell only by the competent doctor. Do not engage the self-heal, because the sooner will that have to be transmitted to effective therapy, the faster you can reach the state of open forgiveness. Despite the fact that psoriasis is not cured, if properly and timely approach it is possible to minimize the number of relapses of the disease.